Firewall & Ports

Required ports and firewall configuration for OEC.sh managed servers.

Required Ports

These ports must be open for OEC.sh to function:

Optional Ports

These ports may be needed depending on your configuration:

Cloud Provider Configuration

# AWS CLI example
aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress \
  --group-id sg-xxxxx \
  --protocol tcp \
  --port 22 \
  --cidr 0.0.0.0/0
 
aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress \
  --group-id sg-xxxxx \
  --protocol tcp \
  --port 80 \
  --cidr 0.0.0.0/0
 
aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress \
  --group-id sg-xxxxx \
  --protocol tcp \
  --port 443 \
  --cidr 0.0.0.0/0

UFW Configuration (Server-Level)

If your server uses UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall):

# Allow required ports
sudo ufw allow 22/tcp comment 'SSH'
sudo ufw allow 80/tcp comment 'HTTP'
sudo ufw allow 443/tcp comment 'HTTPS'
 
# Enable firewall
sudo ufw enable
 
# Verify rules
sudo ufw status verbose

Expected output:

Status: active

To                         Action      From
--                         ------      ----
22/tcp                     ALLOW       Anywhere        # SSH
80/tcp                     ALLOW       Anywhere        # HTTP
443/tcp                    ALLOW       Anywhere        # HTTPS

iptables Configuration

For servers using raw iptables:

# Allow established connections
iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
 
# Allow loopback
iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
 
# Allow SSH
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
 
# Allow HTTP/HTTPS
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
 
# Drop everything else (optional, be careful!)
# iptables -A INPUT -j DROP
 
# Save rules (Debian/Ubuntu)
iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v4

Restricting SSH Access

For enhanced security, restrict SSH to specific IPs:

OEC.sh Management IPs

OEC.sh connects from these IP ranges:

• Contact [email protected] for current IP whitelist

UFW Example

# Allow SSH only from specific IPs
sudo ufw allow from 1.2.3.4 to any port 22 comment 'OEC.sh management'
sudo ufw allow from 5.6.7.8 to any port 22 comment 'Office IP'
 
# Block SSH from everywhere else (if no default deny)
sudo ufw deny 22/tcp

Database Access (Port 5432)

If you need external PostgreSQL access:

1. Restrict to specific IPs only:

   sudo ufw allow from 10.0.0.5 to any port 5432 comment 'BI Server'

2. Consider using SSH tunnel instead:

   ssh -L 5432:localhost:5432 user@your-server

3. Use the read-only user for reporting (see PostgreSQL Read-Only User)

Outbound Ports

OEC.sh servers need outbound access for:

Most cloud providers allow all outbound traffic by default.

Testing Connectivity

Test from your machine

# Test SSH
nc -zv your-server-ip 22
 
# Test HTTP/HTTPS
curl -I http://your-server-ip
curl -I https://your-domain.com

Test from the server

# Test outbound connectivity
curl -I https://api.oec.sh
curl -I https://hub.docker.com

Troubleshooting

"Connection refused" on port 22

Causes:

1. Firewall blocking the port
2. SSH service not running
3. Wrong IP address

Solutions:

1. Check cloud firewall rules
2. Use provider's console to access server
3. Run: sudo systemctl status sshd

"Connection timed out" on port 80/443

Causes:

1. Firewall blocking the port
2. No web server running
3. Server not reachable

Solutions:

1. Verify firewall rules (both cloud and server-level)
2. Check if Traefik is running: docker ps | grep traefik

OEC.sh shows "Server Unreachable"

Causes:

1. Port 22 blocked
2. SSH credentials changed
3. Server powered off

Solutions:

1. Verify port 22 is open
2. Test SSH manually: ssh user@server-ip
3. Check server status in cloud provider console

Security Best Practices

1. Use SSH keys instead of passwords
2. Disable root login via SSH
3. Change default SSH port (optional, update OEC.sh settings)
4. Use fail2ban to block brute force attempts
5. Keep firewall rules minimal - only open what's needed
6. Regularly audit open ports: sudo netstat -tlnp
7. Use cloud firewalls in addition to server firewalls (defense in depth)

Need Help?

For firewall configuration assistance:

• Email: [email protected]
• Include: Cloud provider, current firewall rules, error messages